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Crime & Delinquency
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Gang Membership and Acculturation: ARSMA-II and Choloization

D. A. Lopez

California State University, Northridge

Patricia O'Donnell Brummett

California State University, Northridge

Choloization, a staple in gang research on Latinos, asserts that gang members are less acculturated than non-gang members. However, the concept has not been subjected to a quantitative analysis. Using a sample of Latino incarcerated youths from Los Angeles County (N = 370), the veracity of the concept of choloization using the ARSMA-II Acculturation Scale is examined. It was hypothesized that gang members have more of a Mexican orientation than non-gang members. The hypothesis was supported, providing empirical evidence for choloization. The authors suggest that the findings can assist in delinquency intervention but caution that the results can also further disenfranchise Latino gang members.

Key Words: Latino/a gangs • gangs • acculturation • choloization • ARSMA-II

Crime & Delinquency, Vol. 49, No. 4, 627-642 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/0011128703252679
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This article has been cited by other articles:


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M. A. Gutierrez, L. M. Franco, K. Gilmore Powell, N. A. Peterson, and R. J. Reid
Psychometric Properties of the Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans--II: Exploring Dimensions of Marginality Among a Diverse Latino Population
Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, August 1, 2009; 31(3): 340 - 356.
[Abstract] [PDF]